Notes

Outline

Cancer of the Bladder Causes, Early Detection and Treatment

Cancer of the Bladder Anatomy Kidneys: Make urine Ureters: Bring urine from kidneys to bladder Great Vessels: Bring blood to kidneys Bladder: Stores urine

Cancer of the Bladder Anatomy Bladder Prostate Vas Uterus Vagina Urethra Testicle Penis

Cancer of the Bladder Stages

Cancer of the Bladder Superficial vs. Invasive Disease

Cancer of the Bladder Incidence Overall 52,900 cases/year ® 5th most common tumor Sex M:F Ratio ® 3:1 males 4th (prostate, lung, GI, TCC) ® 10% of male cancers females 8th ® 4% of all female cancers Race caucasian > african american (27 vs. 14 /100,000) Time trend: ­ 50% since 1950

Cancer of the Bladder Incidence Regional incidence 30%-50% higher in the north National incidence: US and GB high Japan and Finland low Hawaii: Caucasians > Japanese

Cancer of the Bladder Mortalily Overall 12,900 cases/year Sex 6 men, 2.5 women /100,000 --- 20% of incidence rate males 4th (lung, prostate, GI, TCC)--- 5% of all cancer deaths in men 3% of all cancer deaths in women Race white= african american Time trend:  ¯  33% since 1950

Cancer of the Bladder Risk Factors Environmental: Smoking/Chewing Tobacco Pollution/Smog Industrial: Textile dye and leather tanning Petrochemical Medications: Phenacetin Cyclophosphamide Radiation: Cervical and rectal cancer

Cancer of the Bladder Signs and Symptoms

Cancer of the Bladder Diagnosis Cystoscopy Looking through a telescope into bladder Office procedure IVP/Ultrasound detects abnormalities of the kidneys and ureters blockage, other cancers Urine Cytology Detects cancer cells in the urine

Cancer of the Bladder Treatment

Cancer of the Bladder Treatment of Suprficial Disease-The TUR

Cancer of the Bladder Treatment of Invasive Disease-Radiotherapy

Cancer of the Bladder Treatment of Invasive Disease-The Ileal Conduit

Cancer of the Bladder Treatment of Invasive Disease-The Indiana Pouch

Cancer of the Bladder Treatment of Invasive Disease-The Neobladder